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How and when to properly repot orchids
Orchids are popular among flower enthusiasts for their unique beauty and diversity. This genus of plants, which includes more than 25,000 different species (according to some sources even 28,000), is characterized by charming flowers that can come in almost any color and shape you can imagine.
Orchids originate from tropical and subtropical regions around the world, from rainforests to mountainous areas, and they even adapt to various climatic conditions. Due to their adaptability and resilience, they have become popular plants for indoor cultivation, where they can bring an exotic touch to any space.
When and Why to Repot Orchids
Repotting orchids is a key aspect of their care that contributes to their long lifespan and healthy growth. There is no exactly specified time for repotting, but most experts recommend doing this every two to three years. The most suitable time for repotting is after flowering and before the start of a new growing season, when the plant is replenishing its energy and starting to produce new shoots. This time is ideal because the plant will quickly recover from the repotting and adapt better to the new environment.
Other reasons for repotting orchids may include deteriorating substrate quality, signs of root rot, or if the substrate becomes too dense and does not retain sufficient moisture. If the substrate is crumbling, full of pests, or has a drying salt crust, it’s time for a replacement. Repotting is also important if the plant shows signs of stagnated growth, which may mean it's root-bound or needs fresh nutrients.
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Preparing for Repotting
Preparation is a key step for successful repotting. Before you begin, make sure you have everything you need. Choose an appropriate substrate – orchids require a special mix that allows for good aeration and drainage. A typical orchid substrate contains bark, perlite, and sometimes coconut fiber. This mixture supports a healthy root system and prevents water accumulation that could lead to root rot.
A clear pot is ideal as it allows you to monitor the health of the roots. The new pot should be 2 to 3 cm larger than the current one. You will also need clean scissors for trimming roots, charcoal powder or cinnamon for treating cut surfaces, and of course, a new substrate mix.
How to Repot an Orchid Step by Step
Preparing the Plant: Before actually repotting orchids, it's a good idea to soak the plant in water to soften the roots. This will make it easier to remove them from the pot and take off the old substrate.
Removing from the Pot: Carefully take the orchid out of its original pot. If the substrate crumbles easily, this will be simpler. Ensure that no root damage occurs during this process.
Inspecting the Roots: Once you have the orchid out, carefully examine the root system. Healthy roots should be firm and green. Damaged or dead roots, which are brown, soft, or show signs of rot, need to be removed. Use clean scissors and treat the cut surfaces with charcoal powder or cinnamon to prevent infections.
Preparing the New Pot: Place a layer of substrate at the bottom of the new pot. Then, place the orchid into the pot and gently add substrate around the roots. It’s important that the roots are not overly compacted. Lightly pack the substrate to stabilize the plant.
Watering and Placement: After repotting, place the orchid in a location with plenty of indirect light. Avoid watering for the first seven days to allow the roots time to adjust. After this period, start watering lightly to prevent overwatering.
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Care After Repotting
Repotting orchids is not just about changing pots. It’s important to ensure that the orchid has optimal conditions for recovery and growth. Keep the plant in a location with adequate but indirect light to prevent leaf burn. The ideal temperature for most orchids is between 18 and 24 °C during the day and slightly cooler at night. Orchids are sensitive to overwatering, which can lead to root rot. Water the plant once a week, even less in winter, and always ensure that water drains well. It’s better to water less frequently than too often, and always ensure that the substrate dries slightly between waterings.
Regular fertilization is also important. Use special fertilizers for orchids that contain a balanced mix of nutrients. Fertilizing should occur every two weeks during the growing season, which typically includes spring and summer. In winter, when the plant slows down growth, you can reduce the frequency of fertilization.
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Monitoring and Maintenance After Repotting
After repotting orchids, it’s important to monitor the plant’s health. Watch for new flowers, which should be bright and healthy. If the plant starts showing signs of stress, such as brown or yellow leaves, this may indicate problems with the root system or surrounding conditions. To prevent diseases and pests, regularly check the plant for pests like aphids or insects. If you find pests, use natural insecticides or gentle plant soap. Keeping the area around the plant clean and regularly replacing the substrate can also help maintain the health of the orchids.
Orchids are beautiful plants that can bring unique beauty and elegance to your home. Repotting orchids is an essential part of their care that ensures they have healthy growth and a long lifespan. With proper care and regular repotting, you can ensure that your orchids will bloom beautifully and thrive for many years.
