Intracranial Hemorrhage and Principles of First Aid
How to Recognize Arterial Bleeding, Stop It, and Why It Matters
Arterial bleeding is among the most serious injuries you might encounter. This type of bleeding can lead to loss of life within just a few minutes if not properly and quickly treated. Therefore, it is crucial to know how to recognize arterial bleeding and how to act in such a situation. In this article, you will learn everything necessary—from causes and symptoms to specific steps that can save a life.
What is Arterial Bleeding and How to Recognize It?
Arteries are one of the main components of the body's circulatory system. They carry oxygenated blood from the heart to all parts of the organism. Due to the high pressure at which blood flows in the arteries, arterial bleeding is very fast and intense. A typical sign is bright red blood spurting from the wound in rhythm with the heartbeat.
Unlike venous bleeding, where blood flows from the wound more slowly and is darker in color, arterial bleeding is immediately apparent and highly dangerous. Besides intense bleeding, the injured person may exhibit other symptoms such as pallor, a rapid drop in blood pressure, accelerated pulse, confusion, or loss of consciousness. These symptoms indicate that the body is losing a large amount of blood and is starting to go into shock.
Most Common Causes of Arterial Bleeding
Arterial bleeding most frequently occurs as a result of serious injuries. The main causes include:
- Traffic Accidents: Strong impacts or sharp injuries can sever arteries.
- Cut or Stab Wounds: Particularly dangerous are injuries in areas where arteries are close to the body's surface, such as the neck, wrist, or groin.
- Workplace Injuries: Machines, sharp tools, or heavy falls can lead to severe arterial injuries.
- Sports Accidents: For example, during contact sports or extreme activities.
- Intentional Injuries: Violent acts, such as stab attacks, are also a common reason for arterial bleeding.
The risk of arterial bleeding increases in situations where protective gear is unavailable or when safety precautions are not followed.
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How to Properly Act in Case of Arterial Bleeding?
If you witness arterial bleeding, it is crucial to act quickly and stay calm. The following steps can determine the survival of the affected person:
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Call for Help: Immediately call emergency services at number 155. Indicate that it is arterial bleeding and provide the exact location.
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Stop the Bleeding: Direct pressure on the wound is the most effective method. Use a clean piece of cloth, a bandage, or any material you have at hand. If nothing suitable is available, you can use your own hand—but in this case, it is necessary to sterilize the wound afterward.
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Elevate the Limb: If the injury is on an arm or leg, elevate the limb above the level of the heart. This helps slow the blood flow.
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Use a Tourniquet: In extreme cases, where bleeding cannot be stopped by other methods, a tourniquet can be used. Place it above the wound and tighten it. Remember or write down the time of application, as a tourniquet can cause irreversible tissue damage if left on too long.
Why is Quick Reaction Key?
Arterial bleeding can lead to the loss of more than a liter of blood within a few minutes. For an adult, who has roughly 5 liters of blood in their body, such a loss can cause irreversible organ damage or death.
Moreover, arteries carry oxygenated blood, which is essential for the functioning of the brain, heart, and other organs. Massive blood loss threatens a collapse of the circulatory system and shock. Therefore, quick first aid and immediate professional care are essential.
How to Prevent Arterial Bleeding?
Prevention plays a key role. Following safety rules at work, wearing protective gear, and being cautious during sports or handling sharp objects can significantly reduce the risk of injury.
Another important step is education. First aid training can be the difference between life and death. You learn how to act in crisis situations and gain confidence that you will be able to help yourself or others.
Arterial bleeding is a situation that requires a quick and decisive reaction. Everyone should know how to proceed because in such moments, every second can be crucial.
If such an injury occurs, there is no time to hesitate. Calling for professional help, direct pressure on the wound, and the possible use of a tourniquet can save a life. Education in first aid and injury prevention are the best ways to prepare for unexpected situations and protect yourself and others.
Your knowledge and courage can be the most important factor in the race against time—and in cases of arterial bleeding, it is always about time.
