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What does reduced thyroid function mean and how to live with it
The thyroid gland, a small butterfly-shaped organ located at the front of the neck, plays a key role in the functioning of our body. It produces hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development. But what happens when the thyroid gland does not function properly and produces a deficiency of hormones? This condition, known as hypothyroidism or decreased thyroid function, can have a significant impact on our health and quality of life. Let’s take a look at the symptoms, causes, and treatment options for this disease, and how we can live effectively with it.
What is hypothyroidism?
Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones. These hormones are essential for regulating metabolism, which includes the rate at which our body consumes energy, and affects almost every organ in the body. A deficiency of hormones can lead to various health problems, from fatigue and weight gain to depression and heart issues.
Symptoms of hypothyroidism
Symptoms of hypothyroidism can be very diverse and often develop gradually. Common symptoms include fatigue and weakness, where a person feels constantly tired and weak, even with adequate rest. Weight gain is another common symptom, where weight may increase despite normal eating habits and exercise.
A person may also be more sensitive to cold weather and often has cold hands and feet, known as cold intolerance. The skin can become dry and rough, hair may fall out, which are symptoms of dry skin and hair.
Hypothyroidism can cause depressive moods and irritability, manifesting as depression and mood swings. People may also have difficulties with memory and concentration, which are other characteristic symptoms of hypothyroidism.
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Causes of hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism can be caused by various factors, including autoimmune diseases, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis, which is the most common cause of hypothyroidism. In this condition, the immune system attacks the thyroid gland.
Another cause may be surgical removal of the thyroid gland, where the body is unable to produce enough hormones. Treatment with radioactive iodine, used to treat hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid), can also lead to hypothyroidism. A deficiency of iodine, which is necessary for the production of thyroid hormones, can also contribute to hypothyroidism.
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Diagnosing hypothyroidism involves blood tests that measure levels of thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). If thyroid hormone levels are low and TSH levels are high, this indicates hypothyroidism.
Treatment of hypothyroidism involves daily intake of synthetic thyroid hormone, which replaces the missing hormones. The dosage is determined individually based on the patient’s needs and is regularly monitored through blood tests.
How to live with hypothyroidism?
Living with hypothyroidism can be challenging, but with appropriate treatment and lifestyle, it is possible to lead a full and healthy life. There are several tips for managing hypothyroidism. Follow the treatment by taking medications exactly as prescribed by your doctor and attending regular check-ups. Eat a balanced diet, including plenty of fruits, vegetables, and iodine-rich foods. Regular exercise can help keep weight in check and improve mood. Be attentive to symptoms and consult changes with your doctor. Seek support from family, friends, or groups for patients with hypothyroidism.
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Decreased thyroid function is a condition that can significantly affect quality of life, but thanks to modern medicine and the right lifestyle, it is possible to live successfully with it. Remember that the key to successfully managing hypothyroidism is early diagnosis, regular treatment, and caring for both your body and mind. Can hypothyroidism be a challenge? Yes, but with determination and the right steps, it can become a manageable part of your life.
