Macrocystis pyrifera
Other names: Giant kelp
Harm score: 1 (Natural substances)
Macrocystis Pyrifera, or Giant kelp, is a species of large marine algae that can grow up to a metre in a day under favourable conditions. This species is one of the largest and fastest growing organisms on the planet. It is mainly found in areas with cold ocean currents, particularly in the Pacific Ocean near the west coast of the USA, but also around South America, Australia and New Zealand. Macrocystis pyrifera forms kelp forests below the ocean surface, which provide shelter and food for many species of marine animals and plants.
In addition to its importance to marine ecosystems, Macrocystis pyrifera is also used in many industries. The extract of this algae contains many beneficial substances and is thus used in the cosmetics industry, especially for the production of skin regenerating creams and shampoos. Due to its high iodine value, it is also an important source in the food industry, found in various food supplements and dried as part of a healthy diet. Kelp is also used as a source of bioenergy raw materials. Its biomass can be used for the production of biogas plants, due to its high yields and sustainable availability this use offers great potential.