Isoleucine

Other names: alpha-amino-beta-methyl-n-valeric acid

Isoleucine, also known as alpha-amino-beta-methyl-n-valeric acid, is one of the three branched chain amino acids (BCAA), along with leucine and valine. It is an essential amino acid, which means that people need to obtain isoleucine from food or supplements because their body cannot synthesize it. It makes up approximately 1.8 percent of the total protein in the human body, the lowest ratio of the three BCAAs. But its role in the body is just as important as the other BCAAs, as it is important for muscle repair and growth, hemoglobin production, blood sugar regulation and energy.

Isoleucine is commonly used as part of dietary supplements and sports nutrition to promote muscle performance and recovery. It can also be included in various protein powders, drinks and bars. Some studies suggest that isoleucine may help control blood sugar levels and may also support immune function. In addition, this amino acid is a component of medications designed to treat NAD-balancing disorders such as phenylketonuria and maple syrup syndrome. In the food and pharmaceutical industries, isoleucine is used in biotechnology applications such as ethanol production and as a catalyst in the production of certain drugs. In larger doses, isoleucine can also be used as a substitute for glutamate in food products.