Coconut tree (Cocos nucifera)

Other names: Coconut tree, Coconut palm

The coconut tree, or coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) is a species of monocotyledonous plant belonging to the areca family. It is a typical inhabitant of the tropics and subtropics, where it grows up to 30 metres high. It is known worldwide for its nuts, coconuts, which are an important source of food for the local population, but also a valuable raw material in various industries. Its understanding can be traced back to pre-Columbian America, when it was brought from Asia.

The products of the coconut palm are very diverse. Almost everything from roots to nuts can be used. The wood from the trunk is used as building material and for furniture. The leaves are used for weaving mats, making roofs and other products. The nuts, or more precisely the nut pulp, are used as food, especially in the sugar, bakery and other food industries. The dried pulp, copra, is pressed into fat, which is an important component of the food and cosmetics industries. It is also the source of so-called coconut milk, which is an essential ingredient in many exotic dishes. Coconut fibre, also known as koir, is used in the textile industry and its residue as fuel. In the pharmaceutical industry, the nuts are used to make medicines for digestive diseases and coconut oil is a popular dietary supplement for its beneficial properties. Another important raw material is coconut water, which is consumed fresh or processed into various beverages. It is also a source of coconut sugar.