Carrageenan (Carrageenan)

Other names: Carrageenan, E407, Irish moss

Harm score: 2 (Derivatives of natural substances)

Carrageenan, sometimes also referred to as Carrageenan or E407, is a naturally occurring substance present in some species of seaweed. This substance is obtained from Irish moss and similar species of red seaweed. Carrageenan is used in food production as a stabiliser, emulsifier and thickener. This additive is authorised in the European Union and is assessed as safe for health, but several studies suggest some potential health risks associated with its consumption.

Carrageenan can be found in a wide range of food products, especially those in need of thickening. These include ice cream, where it helps prevent ice crystals forming and ensures a smooth consistency, or low-fat yoghurt, where it replaces the missing fat and adds creaminess. It is also used in instant soups, jams, canned vegetables, sweets, instant coffee and tea or milk-based drinks. In addition to the food industry, it is also used in cosmetics, for example in toothpaste and shampoos, where it helps to keep the product homogeneous and stable.